Effects of Preimplantation Treatments of Rubratoxin B on the Development of Preimplantation Embryos and Fetuses of Swiss Webster Mouse (MusMusculus)
Ramadhan Sumarmin, Tien W. Surjono & Sri Sudarwati
Abstract. Rubratoxin B is a secondary metabolite of Penicilliumrubrum and Penicilliumpurpurogenum, which moulds are often contaminating cereals, particularly food and feed. Single dosages of rubratoxin B 0.8 and 0.9 mg/kg body weight were administered intraperitoneally to Swiss Webster mice on day 0 or day 2 of gestation (preimplantation stage). Control mice were given propylene glycol only as rubratoxin B solvent. The effects of those treatments on preimplantation embryos were observed on gestation day 3.5, whereas those on fetuses were observed on day 18 of gestation. The results revealed that the development of preimplantation embryos was inhibited, shown by the decreased number of late blastocysts and the presence of earlier developmental stages. In the postimplantation stage these occurred: reduction in the number of implantation sites and live fetuses, increased intrauterine death, and cleft palate in the fetuses. In general, the results of the parameters obtained differed significantly compared to the controls and were dose related. In the treatment on gestation day 0, most of the preimplantation developmental delays occurred at earlier stages, i.e. 1-8 cells stage and uncompacted morulae, whereas in the groups treated on gestation day 2 inhibition shifted to older stages, predominantly at compacted morulae. It is concluded that preimplantation treartments of rubratoxin B inhibit the preimplantation development of the embryos, and consequently decrease the number of implantation sites, as well as the number of live fetuses, and is able to induce fetal malformation.
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