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Antibacterial Curcuma xanthorrhiza Extract and Fractions
Hartiwi Diastuti1,3, Yana M. Syah1*,Lia D. Juliawaty1, Marlia Singgih2
1Organic Chemistry Division, InstitutTeknologi Bandung,
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
2School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia
3Chemistry Program, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman,
Jl. HR Boenyamin 708 Purwokerto 53122.Indonesia
*Email: yana@chem.itb.ac.id
Abstract. An acetone extract of Curcuma xanthorrhizarhizomes and the n-hexane and chloroform fractions obtained from it were tested on eight pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that the acetone extract and the n-hexane fraction exhibited significant activities against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, and weak activities againstShigelladysenteriae and Vibrio cholerae. They were inactive against Escherichia coli, Enterobacteraerogenes andSalmonella thypi, while the chloroform fraction was devoid of activities. NMR analysis disclosed the presence of α-curcumene,xanthorrhizol and an unknown monoterpene in the n-hexane fraction. In the chloroform fraction, curcumin was found to be the main compound, together with xanthorrhizol as a minor compound. These results suggest that the antibacterial potency of acetone extract of C. xanthorrhizais contained in the n-hexane fraction, in which the active constituents areterpenoid compounds. This is the first report of the use of NMR analysis for compound identification contained in an extract or fractions of C. xanthorrhiza.
Keywords: α-curcumene; antibacterial; curcuma xanthorrhiza; curcumin; xanthorrhizol; NMR analysis; TOCSY-1D.
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