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In vitro and In Silico Studies on Curcumin and
Its Analogues as Dual Inhibitors for cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
Nunung Yuniarti1, Perdana Adhi Nugroho2, Aditya Asyhar2, Sardjiman3,
Zullies Ikawati1 & Enade Perdana Istyastono4
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Curcumin Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacochemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Vrije University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Email: nungki_fa97@yahoo.com
Abstract. Curcumin has been widely reported as an anti-inflammatory agent isolated from the plant Curcuma longa L. (turmeric). This anti-inflammatory activity was associated with the ability of this compound to inhibit the activity of both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in arachidonic acid metabolism. Dual COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors are preferred to be employed in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases compared to selective inhibitors, since it was reported that the use of selective inhibitors led to severe adverse side effect. In the present study, in vitro and in silico assays on curcumin and its analogues as dual inhibitors for both COX-1 and COX-2 were performed. The results provide theoretical contribution in understanding the ligand-protein interactions at the molecular level to develop new curcumin analogues which possess better anti-inflammatory activity as well as to avoid unsolicited side effects.
Keywords: curcumin; cyclooxygenase-1; cyclooxygenase-2; docking; dual inhibitor
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