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Phase Transformation of Rice Husk Ash in the Synthesis of ZSM-5 without Organic Template
Didik Prasetyoko1,2,*, Neneng Ayunanda1, Hamzah Fansuri1, Djoko Hartanto1 & Zainab Ramli3
1Material Chemistry and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember,
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60111, Indonesia
2Energy Laboratory, Center of Energy Study, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60111, Indonesia
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Email : didikp@chem.its.ac.id
Abstract. Phase transformation of rice husk ash in the synthesis of ZSM-5 without organic template at various crystallization times has been studied. Zeolite has been synthesized using the hydrothermal method at 175 °C with molar ratio 10Na2O : 100SiO2 : 2Al2O3 : 1800H2O with addition of silicalite-1 as seed. Solids were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Analysis of the results of XRD and IR spectroscopy indicated that ZSM-5 crystals started to form at 12 h of crystallization time, reaching high crystallinity after 24 h. With a crystallization time of more than 48 h, the ZSM-5 crystals had completely transformed to the more stable quartz phase. The results indicate that phase transformation had occurred, in which an amorphous phase of rice husk ash has been transformed to ZSM-5 crystal phase during the early crystallization stages and continued to transform to disordered α-cristobalite phase and lastly quartz phase. SEM showed that the morphology of the ZSM-5 crystals was of an irregular hexagonal shape with particle size distribution around 3-7 μm.
Keywords: crystallization time; phase transformation; rice husk ash; template-free; ZSM-5.
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